How AI Systems Draw Logical Conclusions

Reasoning is the core of intelligent behavior. In AI, reasoning allows machines to derive new information from known facts.
There are two main approaches:

• Deductive Reasoning: Moving from general rules to specific conclusions (e.g., All men are mortal → Socrates is a man → Socrates is mortal).
• Inductive Reasoning: Deriving generalizations from specific observations (e.g., seeing that the sun rises every day → the sun will rise tomorrow).

AI uses reasoning for problem-solving, diagnostics, and prediction.
In intelligent systems, inference engines apply reasoning rules to a knowledge base to produce new insights — powering expert systems, recommendation engines, and logical decision-making tools.