Structure of an Intelligent Agent

Every intelligent agent consists of three main components:

1. Sensors – detect environmental inputs (e.g., camera, microphone).
2. Actuators – perform actions (e.g., steering motors, display output).
3. Agent Function – maps perceptions to actions using algorithms and logic.

The agent architecture defines how these components interact.
For instance, a robot vacuum uses infrared sensors to perceive obstacles, a processor to plan paths, and motors to move — forming a loop of sense → think → act.
This loop is the heartbeat of every AI system, ensuring continuous interaction with the environment.